Arginine is a non-essential amino acid found in a variety of foods. It plays a role in several important body functions, including cell division, wound healing, immune function, and the removal of ammonia from the body. Arginine may also be important during growth periods, since experts believe it may stimulate secretion of human growth hormone.
Arginine helps make nitric oxide, which dilates or relaxes arteries, making blood flow more freely and thus lowering blood pressure. Nitric oxide also helps prevent clot formation and plaque buildup on artery walls that can lead to a heart attack or stroke. Because of arginine's role in the production of nitric oxide, it has been suggested that the amino acid may be useful as a treatment for a variety of heart conditions. Doses as large as 30 grams of arginine per day have been used to treat congestive heart failure.
Experts have also looked at the role of arginine in intermittent claudication (painful cramping in the calf as a result of poor circulation). Individuals with advanced hardening and narrowing of the arteries often have difficulty walking due to a lack of blood flow to the legs. In one study, individuals who consumed snack food bars containing arginine were able to improve their walking distance. After two weeks of eating two bars per day, the study participants were able to walk 66 percent farther.
Other Potential Benefits of L-Arginine
Scientists are looking at the possible use of arginine as part of a treatment strategy during angioplasty, coronary bypass, and heart transplantation. Some are also investigating whether arginine may improve sperm function and thereby help treat male infertility. As much as 30 grams of arginine have been given before chemotherapy treatments to help improve immune function in patients with breast and colon cancers. Although these areas of research are promising, much more research is needed.
L Arginine Side Effects
Although there are few documented side effects of L-arginine, users of arginine should be aware of some of the possible side effects. Some arginine side effects include:
breathing problems
swelling in the legs
headaches
low blood pressure
diarrhea
chest pain
nausea, bloating
taking arginine may also increase the amount of Herpes simples (cold sore) outbreaks
L-Arginine Supplements
Most people get the arginine they need through food or via production in the body and supplements are not recommended for children. The average U.S. diet provides about 5.5 grams of arginine per day. However, certain conditions can deplete the body's arginine stores, including infections, severe burns, and injuries. Although arginine appears to have some beneficial effects, there have been no long term studies on the safety of arginine supplementation.
